Week 3

Map and Airphoto Use

Laboratory Activity - Week 3:

Earth Systems Science

Map Use and Interpretation & ESS Tools

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Key Terms: Map Use and Interpretation

Altitude Fractional or Representative scale Public Land Survey System (PLSS)
Azimuth (Azimuthal projection) Geodesy Quadrangle (map)
Base Line Gradient Quarter-section
Bearing (compass) Graphic or visual scale Relief (land)
Benchmark Graticule Representative scale
Cadastral map Grid North (grid) Rock Units
Cartesian coordinates International Date Line Section / Quarter-section
Cartography Isolines (e.g. isohyet, isotherms) Series maps
Choropleth maps Large vs small scale maps Slip
Compass Rose Magnetic North Solstice
Contour interval Mercator projection State Plane coordinate
Declination (mangetic) Meridians of Longitude Strike
Dip magnitude (rock units on a map) Nadir Topography
Earth's axis / inclination / rotation Parallalels of Latitude True North (Geographic North)
 Elevation Poles (North and South) Township and Range system
Equal-area projection Precession of Earth's rotational axis Universal Transverse Mercator
Equator & Equatorial plane Prime Meridian (Greenwich) Zenith
Equidistant projection Profile (stream or slope gradient)
Equinox Projection

Week 4

GEOSPHERE - The Solid Earth


Lecture Discussion Topics


Laboratory Activity - Week 4:
EARTHQUAKES
PLATE TECTONICS

VOLCANISM

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Key Terms: Volcanism

Aa lava Intrusive igneous rock Rock cycle
Agglomerate Isotope Sediment
Andesite Krakatau Sedimentary rock
Ash tuff Laccolith Sedimentary mineral deposit
Basalt Lapilli tuff Shield volcano
Batholith Lava Silicate
Bowen's reaction series Lopolith Silicate anion
Caldera Luster Sill
Cleavage Magma Specific gravity
Compressive stress Magma chamber St. Helens
Cross-sectional analysis Metamorphic rock Stock
Crystal Mineral Stratigraphic superposition
Crystal face Mineral assemblage Stratovolcano
Crystal structure Mineral deposit Streak
Dike Mt. Pelée Tephra
Diorite Mt. Pinatubo Tephra cone
Element (chemical) Mt. Mazama Texture (of a rock)
Extrusive igneous rock Nuée ardente Vesicular igneous rock
Fissure eruption Pahoehoe lava Viscosity
Fractional melting Pluton Volcanic pipe
Gabbro Pompeii Volcanic neck
Granite Pyroclast Volcano
Hardness (of a mineral) Pyroclastic rock
Igneous rock Rhyolite

Key Terms: Seismology and Plate Tectonics

Abyssal plain Footwall Pangea
Accreted terrane Fore-arc ridge/basin Phyllite
Accretionary wedge Foreshocks Quads
Afars Triangle Frank B. Taylor Reflected P wave
Aleutian Trench Gneiss Regional metamorphism
Alfred Wegener Gondwana Reverse fault
Amphiboles Graben Reverse polarity
Andalusite Gravity anomaly Richter magnitude scale
Andes Great Karoo (The) Rift valley
Back-arc basin Great Dike (The) Right lateral
Benioff zones Greenschists Rim of Fire
Blueschist Hanging wall Rock cycle
Body wave Harry Hess Rock magnetism
Bornhartds Horst S (secondary) wave
Breccia Hot spots San Andreas Fault
Burial metamorphism Inelasticity Seafloor spreading
Collision margin Inselberg Seamount
Compressive stress Island arc Seismic sea wave
Continental shield Isostasy Seismograph
Continental shelf Isostatic rebound Shadow zone
Continental slope Kopjes Shear stress
Continental rise Lake Tanganyika Sonomia
Convergent margin Lake Kivu Spreading center
Craton Left lateral Spreading center
Differential stress M-discontinuity Strike
Dip Magma rise Strike/slip fault
Direct phase Magnetic latitude Subduction zone
Divergent margin Magnetic inclination Sudan Basin
Djouf Basin Marianas Trench Sunda arc
Dolostone Mechanical deformation Surface wave
Drackensberg Escarpment Mélange Suture zone
East African Rift System Midocean ridge--oceanic ridge Tensile stress
El-Sudd Swamp Modified Mercalli scale Tensiometer
Elastic rebound theory Moho Tethys Sea
Elastic deformation Mohorovicic discontinuity Thrust fault
Elasticity Monodnocks Till
Endogenic processes Mountain belt Transform fault margin
Epicenter Mt Kilimanjaro Tsunami
Eskala Mt. Kilauea Valley and Ridge Province (Appalachians)
Eurasian-Indonesian Alpine Zone Nappe Varve
Exogenic processes Nile River Virunga Mountains
Fault Normal fault Witwatersrand
Flotational balance Orogen Wrangelia
Focus (of earthquake) P (primary) wave Zagros Mountains
Fold Paleomagnetism

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Week 5 - 6
Metamorphism and Mountains,
Stratigraphy and Earth Resources


Lecture Discussion Topics

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Laboratory Activity - Week 5-6

STRATIGRAPHY AND THE 
GEOLOGICAL RECORD

EARTH RESOURCES AND HAZARDS:

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Key Terms: Stratigraphy, Geomorphology and Earth Resources

Acid rain Coquina Lithification Quartzite
Age-sex ratio Cross bedding Longitudinal analysis Quaternary
Alluvial fan Cross-sectional analysisMagmatic mineral deposit Radioactive decay
AndalusiteCrystal structureMarble Recumbent fold
Angular unconformity Crystal face Material throughput Regional metamorphism
AnionCrystalMechanical deformation Renewable energy sources
AnthraciteCurie pointMesozoic Replacement fertility rate
AnticlineDemographic Transition TheoryMetallogenic province Residual mineral deposit
Arithmetic densityDensityMetamorphic rock Rock cycle
Atom Disconformity Mica Sand
Bajada Dolostone Mineral deposit Sandstone
Basin and RangeDoubling timeMonocline Schist
Bedding planes Element (chemical)Monodnocks Sediment
Biogenic sediment Endogenic processes Non-Renewable energy sources Sedimentary rock
Blueschist Energy intensity Nonconformity Sedimentary mineral deposit
Bornhartds Energy-level shell Ooliths Sedimentary rock
BoulderESD (energy service demand) Oolitic limestone Serpentine
BrecciaEvaporiteOre mineral Shale
Breeder reactorExogenic processes Original horizontality (law of) Silicate
BTUExponential growthOrogen Silicate anion
Burial metamorphism Facies Pathways of pollution Silt
Calorie Fission Peat Siltstone
Cation Foliation Pebble Sinks of pollution
CBR Fossil Peleozoic Slate
CDR Fossil fuel PEP (primary energy production) Sources of pollutants
Cenozoic Gneiss Petroleum Spreading center
Chalk Greenschists Phyllite Stratification
Chemical recrystallization Hidden momentum of population Physiologic density Syncline
Chemical sediment Holocene Pile Talc
Chlorite Human capital Placer Tar
Clastic sediment Hydrothermal mineral deposit Playa Tertiary
Clay Inselberg Pleistocene TFC (total final consumption)
Cliff retreatIntergranular fluidPopulation pyramid TFR
Coal Karst Porosity change Till
Cobble Kopjes Precambrian TPES (total primary energy supply)
ConglomerateLigniteQuads Valley and Ridge Province (Appalachians)

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Last Revised: September 28, 2004