Map and Airphoto Use
University of Colorado - VGD Modules:
MORE Resources: Tom Freeman, GeoScience
Laboratory, Wiley Publishers, 1996.
Read: Section II -
"Maps of Earth's Surface"
Map Use and Interpretation & ESS Tools
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| Altitude | Fractional or Representative scale | Public Land Survey System (PLSS) |
| Azimuth (Azimuthal projection) | Geodesy | Quadrangle (map) |
| Base Line | Gradient | Quarter-section |
| Bearing (compass) | Graphic or visual scale | Relief (land) |
| Benchmark | Graticule | Representative scale |
| Cadastral map | Grid North (grid) | Rock Units |
| Cartesian coordinates | International Date Line | Section / Quarter-section |
| Cartography | Isolines (e.g. isohyet, isotherms) | Series maps |
| Choropleth maps | Large vs small scale maps | Slip |
| Compass Rose | Magnetic North | Solstice |
| Contour interval | Mercator projection | State Plane coordinate |
| Declination (mangetic) | Meridians of Longitude | Strike |
| Dip magnitude (rock units on a map) | Nadir | Topography |
| Earth's axis / inclination / rotation | Parallalels of Latitude | True North (Geographic North) |
| Elevation | Poles (North and South) | Township and Range system |
| Equal-area projection | Precession of Earth's rotational axis | Universal Transverse Mercator |
| Equator & Equatorial plane | Prime Meridian (Greenwich) | Zenith |
| Equidistant projection | Profile (stream or slope gradient) | |
| Equinox | Projection |
Lecture Discussion Topics
Study
these modules besides your textbook reading - they supplement and amplify
the text!:
Read: Chapter 7 pages 135 - 155 - The Blue Planet: An Introduction to Earth System Science, 2e
Other Resources:
Laboratory Activity - Week 4:
EARTHQUAKES
PLATE TECTONICS
VOLCANISM
ANSWER QUESTIONS ON HANDOUT (print and access HERE! )
Other Plate
Tectonics, Continental Drift, Volcano, and Earthquake websites.
| Aa lava | Intrusive igneous rock | Rock cycle |
| Agglomerate | Isotope | Sediment |
| Andesite | Krakatau | Sedimentary rock |
| Ash tuff | Laccolith | Sedimentary mineral deposit |
| Basalt | Lapilli tuff | Shield volcano |
| Batholith | Lava | Silicate |
| Bowen's reaction series | Lopolith | Silicate anion |
| Caldera | Luster | Sill |
| Cleavage | Magma | Specific gravity |
| Compressive stress | Magma chamber | St. Helens |
| Cross-sectional analysis | Metamorphic rock | Stock |
| Crystal | Mineral | Stratigraphic superposition |
| Crystal face | Mineral assemblage | Stratovolcano |
| Crystal structure | Mineral deposit | Streak |
| Dike | Mt. Pelée | Tephra |
| Diorite | Mt. Pinatubo | Tephra cone |
| Element (chemical) | Mt. Mazama | Texture (of a rock) |
| Extrusive igneous rock | Nuée ardente | Vesicular igneous rock |
| Fissure eruption | Pahoehoe lava | Viscosity |
| Fractional melting | Pluton | Volcanic pipe |
| Gabbro | Pompeii | Volcanic neck |
| Granite | Pyroclast | Volcano |
| Hardness (of a mineral) | Pyroclastic rock | |
| Igneous rock | Rhyolite |
| Abyssal plain | Footwall | Pangea |
| Accreted terrane | Fore-arc ridge/basin | Phyllite |
| Accretionary wedge | Foreshocks | Quads |
| Afars Triangle | Frank B. Taylor | Reflected P wave |
| Aleutian Trench | Gneiss | Regional metamorphism |
| Alfred Wegener | Gondwana | Reverse fault |
| Amphiboles | Graben | Reverse polarity |
| Andalusite | Gravity anomaly | Richter magnitude scale |
| Andes | Great Karoo (The) | Rift valley |
| Back-arc basin | Great Dike (The) | Right lateral |
| Benioff zones | Greenschists | Rim of Fire |
| Blueschist | Hanging wall | Rock cycle |
| Body wave | Harry Hess | Rock magnetism |
| Bornhartds | Horst | S (secondary) wave |
| Breccia | Hot spots | San Andreas Fault |
| Burial metamorphism | Inelasticity | Seafloor spreading |
| Collision margin | Inselberg | Seamount |
| Compressive stress | Island arc | Seismic sea wave |
| Continental shield | Isostasy | Seismograph |
| Continental shelf | Isostatic rebound | Shadow zone |
| Continental slope | Kopjes | Shear stress |
| Continental rise | Lake Tanganyika | Sonomia |
| Convergent margin | Lake Kivu | Spreading center |
| Craton | Left lateral | Spreading center |
| Differential stress | M-discontinuity | Strike |
| Dip | Magma rise | Strike/slip fault |
| Direct phase | Magnetic latitude | Subduction zone |
| Divergent margin | Magnetic inclination | Sudan Basin |
| Djouf Basin | Marianas Trench | Sunda arc |
| Dolostone | Mechanical deformation | Surface wave |
| Drackensberg Escarpment | Mélange | Suture zone |
| East African Rift System | Midocean ridge--oceanic ridge | Tensile stress |
| El-Sudd Swamp | Modified Mercalli scale | Tensiometer |
| Elastic rebound theory | Moho | Tethys Sea |
| Elastic deformation | Mohorovicic discontinuity | Thrust fault |
| Elasticity | Monodnocks | Till |
| Endogenic processes | Mountain belt | Transform fault margin |
| Epicenter | Mt Kilimanjaro | Tsunami |
| Eskala | Mt. Kilauea | Valley and Ridge Province (Appalachians) |
| Eurasian-Indonesian Alpine Zone | Nappe | Varve |
| Exogenic processes | Nile River | Virunga Mountains |
| Fault | Normal fault | Witwatersrand |
| Flotational balance | Orogen | Wrangelia |
| Focus (of earthquake) | P (primary) wave | Zagros Mountains |
| Fold | Paleomagnetism |
Lecture Discussion Topics
WWW Resources: Plate Tectonics
See especially:
Topic #10: Stratigraphy - Earth History - Sedimentary Rock Formation and Processes - Paleontology
Video: The Making of a Continent: the
Basin and Range Province.
Geological time scale diagram--interactive graphic version
- (UCBerkeley)
Goal: Learn to appreciate the geological processes at work on the landscape in the Colorado Plateau region. Online presentation on geology, stratigraphy, and erosion in the Colorado Plateau region: the Grand Canyon, Arches National Park, Capitol Reef, the San Raphael Swell, Canyonland, the Henry and La Sal Mountains.
WWW links:
Goal #2: Learn how to use database from World Resources Institute and other organizations, available online. Prepare simple maps and charts e.g. population pyramids, population density, trends in resource consumption. GROUP DISCUSSION - students share and compare notes on charts made. You will learn how to access environmental and sustainable development sources of data online.
READ: about earth systems and systems science in
general is the AAG HDGC
Module entitled: Population
Growth, Energy Use, and Pollution: Understanding the
Driving Forces of Global Change. Sections by Mike
Kuby (Arizona State University). Pages 23-33.
| Acid rain Coquina Lithification | Quartzite |
| Age-sex ratio Cross bedding Longitudinal analysis | Quaternary |
| Alluvial fan Cross-sectional analysisMagmatic mineral deposit | Radioactive decay |
| AndalusiteCrystal structureMarble | Recumbent fold |
| Angular unconformity Crystal face Material throughput | Regional metamorphism |
| AnionCrystalMechanical deformation | Renewable energy sources |
| AnthraciteCurie pointMesozoic | Replacement fertility rate |
| AnticlineDemographic Transition TheoryMetallogenic province | Residual mineral deposit |
| Arithmetic densityDensityMetamorphic rock | Rock cycle |
| Atom Disconformity Mica | Sand |
| Bajada Dolostone Mineral deposit | Sandstone |
| Basin and RangeDoubling timeMonocline | Schist |
| Bedding planes Element (chemical)Monodnocks | Sediment |
| Biogenic sediment Endogenic processes Non-Renewable energy sources | Sedimentary rock |
| Blueschist Energy intensity Nonconformity | Sedimentary mineral deposit |
| Bornhartds Energy-level shell Ooliths | Sedimentary rock |
| BoulderESD (energy service demand) Oolitic limestone | Serpentine |
| BrecciaEvaporiteOre mineral | Shale |
| Breeder reactorExogenic processes Original horizontality (law of) | Silicate |
| BTUExponential growthOrogen | Silicate anion |
| Burial metamorphism Facies Pathways of pollution | Silt |
| Calorie Fission Peat | Siltstone |
| Cation Foliation Pebble | Sinks of pollution |
| CBR Fossil Peleozoic | Slate |
| CDR Fossil fuel PEP (primary energy production) | Sources of pollutants |
| Cenozoic Gneiss Petroleum | Spreading center |
| Chalk Greenschists Phyllite | Stratification |
| Chemical recrystallization Hidden momentum of population Physiologic density | Syncline |
| Chemical sediment Holocene Pile | Talc |
| Chlorite Human capital Placer | Tar |
| Clastic sediment Hydrothermal mineral deposit Playa | Tertiary |
| Clay Inselberg Pleistocene | TFC (total final consumption) |
| Cliff retreatIntergranular fluidPopulation pyramid | TFR |
| Coal Karst Porosity change | Till |
| Cobble Kopjes Precambrian | TPES (total primary energy supply) |
| ConglomerateLigniteQuads | Valley and Ridge Province (Appalachians) |
Last Revised: September 28, 2004